Health applications

What the evidence says about health indications

“What’s the best supplement for X?” rarely has one clean answer.

Still, we do our best to give you an up-to-date, science-backed, regulatory-compliant rundown of which ingredients work best for which health indication. Please note that our articles are meant only as inspiration for new supplement development. Most study findings can’t be used in product marketing — only EFSA-approved health claims are allowed there.

“What is the best supplement for X?” is the question every founder starts with, and it rarely has a clean answer. What follows is the honest version: the best-supported intervention per area, its effect size, and the limitation that a regulator or a sceptical investor will find first.

The nine health indications

Filter by health indication

Health area Lead evidence: Berberine

Metabolic Health, Fasting & Weight Management

Berberine significantly lowered triglycerides (−0.37 mmol/L), fasting plasma glucose (−0.52 mmol/L) and waist circumference (−3.27 cm) versus placebo; HDL was unchanged. Trials are mostly small and single-region.

References

  1. Liu D et al. 2025, Frontiers in Pharmacology · Systematic review & meta-analysis
    PMID 40740996 · DOI
Health area Lead evidence: Lactoferrin

Inflammation, Immunity & Immunomodulation

200 mg/day lowered IL-6 but not CRP, and reduced respiratory-infection incidence in infants and children (OR 0.78) though not in adults. Dose heterogeneity across the 25 pooled studies is substantial.

References

  1. Berthon BS et al. 2022, Advances in Nutrition · Systematic review & meta-analysis
    PMID 35481594 · DOI
Health area Lead evidence: Saffron and Rhodiola

Brain, Mood, Stress & Sleep

Across 8 depression and 4 anxiety RCTs, saffron performed no differently from SSRIs (SMD ≈ 0.10) — non-inferiority against small, short trials, not superiority. Rhodiola SHR-5 beat placebo on burnout and attention, but eleven trials give contradictory results at high risk of bias.

References

  1. Shafiee A et al. 2025, Nutrition Reviews · Meta-analysis of RCTs
    PMID 38913392 · DOI
  2. Ishaque S et al. 2012, BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine · Systematic review
    PMID 22643043 · DOI
Health area Lead evidence: Probiotics in IBS

Gut, Microbiome & Digestive Health

Some probiotics improve global IBS symptoms — moderate certainty for Escherichia strains, low for Lactobacillus. Strain-level recommendations remain impossible: only 24 of 82 trials were low risk of bias.

References

  1. Goodoory VC et al. 2023, Gastroenterology · Systematic review & meta-analysis, 82 RCTs
    PMID 37541528 · DOI
Health area Lead evidence: Collagen peptides

Skin, Hair, Cosmetics & Oral Health

Roughly 90 days of hydrolysed collagen improved skin hydration, elasticity and wrinkle depth across 19 RCTs (n=1,125). Trial populations were 95% female and studies were largely industry-sponsored.

References

  1. de Miranda RB et al. 2021, International Journal of Dermatology · Systematic review & meta-analysis
    PMID 33742704 · DOI
Health area Lead evidence: Creatine

Sports Nutrition, Performance & Recovery

Combined with resistance training, creatine added only a very small hypertrophy effect on imaging-measured muscle thickness (0.11; 95% CrI −0.02 to 0.25), slightly larger in younger adults. Strength benefits are separately better established.

References

  1. Burke R et al. 2023, Nutrients · Systematic review & meta-analysis, 10 studies
    PMID 37432300 · DOI
Health area Briefs in preparation

Women’s Health

Scope defined; evidence briefs in preparation. We publish an area only once a peer-reviewed synthesis has been appraised — we do not fill a category with mechanistic speculation.

No peer-reviewed synthesis published by us yet. Ask us to prioritise this area →

Health area Briefs in preparation

Men’s Health

Scope defined; evidence briefs in preparation. We publish an area only once a peer-reviewed synthesis has been appraised — we do not fill a category with mechanistic speculation.

No peer-reviewed synthesis published by us yet. Ask us to prioritise this area →

Health area Briefs in preparation

Longevity & Healthy Aging

Scope defined; evidence briefs in preparation. This is the area with the widest gap between marketing volume and trial evidence, so we are deliberately slow to publish here.

No peer-reviewed synthesis published by us yet. Ask us to prioritise this area →

Can’t find the health indication you’re looking for?

If there’s a specific health indication we haven’t covered yet, get in touch. We’re always looking for inspiration for our articles and our own research.

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